Ti-V-Mo对铁基自熔合金激光熔覆层力学性能的协同优化作用

1:泰尔(安徽)工业科技服务有限公司

2:中核运维技术有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

随着Fe-Cr-B-Si系铁基自熔合金在激光熔覆技术中的广泛应用，如何进一步提升其力学性能和耐腐蚀性能成为了研究的重点，尤其是Ti-V-Mo三元体系对自熔合金的协同作用尚未得到充分探讨。为此，采用真空气雾化制粉与激光熔覆工艺制备Fe-Cr-B-Si自熔合金熔覆层，系统研究了Ti-V-Mo三元协同效应对熔覆层组织与性能的影响机制。研究发现，微量的Ti和V能够形成纳米TiC和VC相，产生细晶强化和弥散强化作用。结合Mo元素（2.22%，质量分数，下同）生成Cr_2O_3/MoO_3钝化膜，协同优化了激光熔覆层的力学性能。但Ti含量过量（≥0.15%）时，会因TiC相团聚导致熔池的黏度升高，产生大量气孔（>150μm）和咬边缺陷（553.8±12.3μm）。通过优化Ti/V/Mo配比（Ti 0.05%,V 0.15%,Mo2.22%）不仅避免了缺陷产生，还增强了熔覆层宏观硬度（58.9 HRC）、耐蚀性和耐磨性，且在160次热震循环后无裂纹，具备良好的抗热冲击性能。该研究为Fe-Cr-B-Si系自熔合金的成分设计提供了新的思路。

关键词(KeyWords)： 自熔合金粉末;气雾化;激光熔覆;Ti-V-Mo协同作用;力学性能

基金项目(Foundation): 泰尔（安徽）工业科技服务有限公司内部研发项目（TBYF040）~~

作者(Author): 李怀中,郭轶波,管希成,吴松,国竹节,黄诚,李申申,黄东保,董振启

DOI: 10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2025.0027

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