基于雷达方程的吸波材料性能评价方法研究

魏世丞¹，陈立兴^1,2

1.陆军兵种大学

2.天津市南开区人民武装部

通信作者: 魏世丞，教授，博士，研究领域：电磁波吸收，防腐材料，电话：13120219933，E-mail：wsc33333@163.com

Research on Performance Evaluation Method of Microwave Absorbing Materials Based on Radar Equation

WEI Shicheng ¹, CHEN Lixing ^1,2

1.Army Service University

2.Nankai District People's Armed Forces Department of Tianjin

Corresponding authors: WEI Shicheng, Professor, Ph.D., Research Focus: Electromagnetic Wave Absorption, Anticorrosive Materials, Tel.: 13120219933, E-mail: wsc33333@163.com

文章历史：收稿日期：2025-08-17

摘  要

针对当前吸波材料性能评价方法与雷达探测实际场景脱节、忽略多因素协同影响的不足，本研究旨在构建与雷达作用距离挂钩的评价体系，解决现有方法侧重单一参数、评价结果难贴合应用需求的问题；同时为吸波材料性能优化、涂层厚度设计提供量化依据，推动材料向“高性能+薄型化”发展，为其研发与应用提供科学评价支撑。为此，通过研究反射损耗、有效带宽和涂层厚度3个单因素对雷达吸波材料的影响，分析了电磁损耗模型、电磁匹配衰减模型和界面反射模型的优点及缺点。基于雷达作用距离方程，综合反射损耗、有效带宽和涂层厚度3个因素，利用matlab数值模拟建立了基于削减雷达作用距离的吸波材料性能评价方法。最后通过此评价方法对四氧化三铁/还原氧化石墨烯（Fe₃O₄/RGO）吸波材料进行了验证，其验证结果与实验结果吻合。该评价方法可为吸波材料的性能提升及涂层减薄发展提供参考。

Abstract

In view of the shortcomings of current performance evaluation methods for wave-absorbing materials, such as disconnection from actual radar detection scenarios and neglect of the synergistic effects of multiple factors, this study aims to construct an evaluation system linked to radar operating range. This system was designed to address the issues of existing methods, which focus on single parameters and yield evaluation results that hardly meet practical application requirements. Meanwhile, it pro-vides a quantitative basis for the performance optimization of wave-absorbing materials and the design of coating thickness, promotes the development of materials toward “high performance + thinness”, and offers scientific evaluation support for their research, development and application. To this end, by investigating the effects of three key factors—reflection loss, effective bandwidth, and coating thickness—on radar absorbing materials, we analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the electro-magnetic loss model, electromagnetic matching attenuation model, and interface reflection model. Drawing on the radar detection range equation, we comprehensively considered the aforementioned three factors and establish the proposed performance evaluation method via MATLAB numerical simulation. Finally, we validated this method using the Fe₃O₄/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) absorbing material, and the validation results were consistent with the experimental outcomes. This evaluation method could provide a reference for enhancing the performance of microwave absorbing materials and advancing the development of thinner coatings.

关键词

雷达散射截面 ; 性能评价 ; 反射损耗 ; 有效带宽 ; 探测距离缩减

Keywords

radar cross section ; performance evaluation ; reflection loss ; effective bandwidth ; detection range reductio

引用本文

魏世丞, 陈立兴. 基于雷达方程的吸波材料性能评价方法研究[J]. 表面工程与再制造, 2025, 25(5): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2025.0026

WEI Shicheng, CHEN Lixing. Research on Performance Evaluation Method of Microwave Absorbing Materials Based on Radar Equation[J]. Surface Engineering & Remanufacturing, 2025, 25(5): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2025.0026

中图分类号

TB34

基金项目

国家自然科学基金（51905543）

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